Which condition involves excessive vomiting during pregnancy?

Hyperemesis gravidarum is the condition characterized by excessive vomiting during pregnancy, significantly exceeding the typical morning sickness experienced by many pregnant individuals. This condition can lead to dehydration, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances, necessitating medical intervention. Women with hyperemesis gravidarum may struggle to retain any food or fluid, impacting their ability to maintain a healthy pregnancy.

In contrast, preeclampsia is a complication marked by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems, often developing after the 20th week of pregnancy, but it does not typically involve vomiting as a primary symptom. Gestational diabetes is related to elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy and does not directly involve vomiting. Placenta previa entails the placenta covering the cervix, which can cause bleeding but is also not associated with excessive vomiting.

Thus, hyperemesis gravidarum stands out as the condition specifically linked to severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.