What should be monitored in a patient receiving magnesium sulfate for preterm labor?

Monitoring neuromuscular function in a patient receiving magnesium sulfate for preterm labor is crucial because magnesium sulfate can affect neuromuscular transmission. Its use is primarily to relax smooth muscles, including the uterus, and it also acts as a CNS depressant. Therefore, signs of magnesium toxicity must be monitored, which can manifest as decreased deep tendon reflexes, respiratory depression, or muscle weakness. By assessing neuromuscular function, healthcare providers can identify any adverse effects of the medication promptly and adjust treatment as necessary to ensure the safety of both the mother and the fetus.

While monitoring blood pressure and fetal heart rate is also important in the management of a patient in preterm labor, these parameters do not directly relate to the specific effects and potential toxicities of magnesium sulfate, making neuromuscular function the most critical aspect to monitor in this scenario. Maternal weight is generally not a priority in the context of magnesium sulfate administration and does not provide relevant information regarding the immediate effects of the medication.