What is the primary purpose of administering Rho(D) immune globulin?

The primary purpose of administering Rho(D) immune globulin is to prevent Rh sensitization in Rh-negative mothers. Rh sensitization can occur during pregnancy or at the time of delivery if an Rh-negative mother is exposed to Rh-positive blood, which may happen if the fetus has inherited Rh-positive blood from the father.

If the mother becomes sensitized, her immune system may produce antibodies against Rh-positive blood cells, which can affect future pregnancies and lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn. Administering Rho(D) immune globulin prevents the mother's immune system from recognizing Rh-positive blood cells as foreign, thereby blocking the sensitization process. This preventative measure is particularly important during the third trimester and immediately after delivery if the infant is found to be Rh-positive.

The other options do not pertain to the function of Rho(D) immune globulin: enhancing fetal growth and treating conditions like gestational diabetes or hypertension are unrelated to Rh factor issues and their management.